Sakil.iubat@gmail.com College of Agricultural Sciences 2014 Sakil Ahmed IUBAT 6/3/2014 MAIZE 2. Funded by the Rockefeller Foundation in 1940s and 1950s ; Led by Dr. Norman Borlaug ; Wheat pathologist and breeder ; Semi-dwarf varieties with resistance to stem rust ; Wheat yields in Mexico ; From 11 bu/a (1943) to 30 bu/a (1963) 32 Examples of New Varieties 33 Wheat variety Ernie MAIZE RUST. Maize (Zea mays L. ssp. Crown rust. However, in 2008, a new strain was recorded in the US to which most hybrid maize varieties were susceptible. cytogenetics of maize The identity of Rp1-D was demonstrated by using two independent gene-tagging approaches with the transposons Mutator and Dissociation. 42). The important diseases of maize are leafblight (Helminthosporium turcicum) late wilt (Cephalosporium maydis) and charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina). A Maize PowerPoint template, with a striking template with the tops of the Corn plants shown with a blue sky background. World's Best PowerPoint Templates - CrystalGraphics offers more PowerPoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Physopella zeae = Angiopsora zeae. Maize Yield Per Hectare In India In maize cultivation yield of crop mainly depends on the climate, field management, irrigation, variety and quality of seeds, and fertilizers. Land preparation. Another rust affects maize in the region, southern rust, Puccinia polysora (see Fact Sheet no. Common Maize Diseases, Symptoms And Treatment. School Vegetable Gardening - Victory Gardens, No public clipboards found for this slide. Barley and some perennial grasses may be infected. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. Although remote sensing (RS) techniques are … downey mildew, rust, leaf blight, stalk and ear rots, leaf spots and maize streak virus, Striga attack, stem borers, termites, storage insects, beetle etc. Life cycle. Immune (non-host) - no replication at all ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: f70ec-MTE3Y Heterosis in Maize 31 Green Revolution in Wheat. The development and spread of maize rust from an inoculated circular plot was studied during 1975. Influence of fungicide application on two stripe-rust ... CDC Falcon, Genou, ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 68d88-ZDc1Z PALB 5062. Puccinia coronata. Puccinia sorghi - maize and Oxalis species (wood sorrel). Plant Disease Epidemiology 04--Disease progress in time 1. temporal dynamic of epidemic ... – A free PowerPoint PPT presentation (displayed as a Flash slide show) on PowerShow.com - id: 47d560-ODVlN Maize varieties have been selected for resistance to this rust (and also to Puccinia sorghi). A study was conducted from 29 March 2014 to 27 July 2014 at the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Paklihawa, Rupandehi with the objective of screening 13 maize genotypes against southern leaf blight caused by Bipolaris maydis . The three leaf rusts on maize are common rust, polysora rust, and tropical rust. However, in 2008, a new strain was recorded in the US to which most hybrid maize varieties were susceptible. Common Maize Diseases, Symptoms And Treatment. Uredospores are brown and spherical 16-28um in diameter 9. Around A.D. 1000, maize agriculture began to spread from Central America through North America. Rust, common corn Puccinia sorghi: Rust, southern corn Puccinia polysora: Rust, tropical corn Physopella pallescens. Deep ploughing up to 45 cm is favourable for maize that have deep growth. ... Maize stripe (maize chlorotic stripe, maize hoja blanca) Maize stripe virus: Maize tassel abortion Maize tassel abortion virus (MTAV) Maize was especially popular in the southwest. MAIZE RUST. Collaborative research efforts in Nigeria led to development of agronomic package for maize production for different farming systems. Common rust has cinnamon-brown colored round to elongated pustules that frequently form in bands on the lower part of the leaf, which result from infection when the leaf was in the whorl. Collaborative research efforts in Nigeria led to development of agronomic package for maize production for different farming systems. Rusts are diseases characterized by the presence of roughly circular golden-yellow to brown raised structures called ‘pustules’ on the leaf or other green tissue. This level of production has This range of uses has also led to a further increase in the production of maize across the continent, especially outside of the traditionally largest maize growing countries, namely France, Romania and Italy1. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. On maize and sweet corn. Rust pathogens of Avena. The membrane soon ruptures, often before the head emerges, exposing a mass of dark brown to black, Diseases of Maize Downy mildew/Crazy top Sorghum downy mildew - Peronosclerospora sorghi Phlippine downy mildew - Peronosclerospora philippinensis Crazy top - Sclerophthora macrospora Symptoms The most characteristic symptom is the development of chlorotic streaks on the leaves. Rust, plant disease caused by more than 7,000 species of fungi of the phylum Basidiomycota. Puccinia polysora- maize and some grasses. Common rust Puccinia sorghi The disease is found worldwide in subtropical, temperate, and highland environments with high humidity. There are different readily- Plant Protection Measures Diseases Maize dwarf mosaic virus Stalk rot/ Ear rot Corn rust Cultivate Resistant Varieties 21. Leaf Rust (Brown or Orange Rust) Pathogen: Puccinia recondita The pathogen is macrocyclic rust. The rust usually appears late, after the appearance of the male flower or tassel. MAIZE Maize (Zea mays subsp. They'll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance - the kind of sophisticated look that today's audiences expect. You can change your ad preferences anytime. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Worldwide distribution. It is worldwide in distribution occurring in all the areas wherever crop is cultivated. Improving drought tolerance in maize (zea mays). Detection & Inspection. Less emphasis on hunting and gathering. Infection normally occurs from late-May to early-July. Maize Culture. • SYMPTOMS: The black telial pustules are usually formed on the dorsal side of leaves The pustules burst early with mild displacement of the host epidermis And deeply embedded into the host. The maize‐Argot2, maize‐FANN‐GO, and maize‐PANNZER GO annotations described in subsequent sections refer to the subset of annotations selected via this selection step. This rust has two unrelated hosts, and different spore-producing stages … Summary. Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. Maize (Zea mays L.) occupies an important place in world agriculture. Session 5.4 physiological response of switch grass in soils of varying depths... No public clipboards found for this slide. The Rp1-D gene for resistance to maize common rust ( Puccinia sorghi ) is a member of a complex locus (haplotype) composed of Rp1-D and approximately eight other gene homologs. Major resistance genes exist, but their eVectiveness can be limited in areas where P. polysorais multi-racial. ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about the white rust of crucifers caused by fungi. ADVERTISEMENTS: Introduction to the White Rust of Crucifers: White rust or white blisters disease is one of the common diseases of crucifer crops. Puccinia sorghi- maize and Oxalisspecies (wood sorrel). Rust Pathogen Genomics and the Potential Impact on Crop Management - St. Paul, MN. Severally infected leaves dry off. The gene effects have been found to be largely additive, and the estimates of heritability are high. You can change your ad preferences anytime. Led to an increase in population Maize varieties have been selected for resistance to this rust (and also to Puccinia sorghi). In traditional areas, the crop is often grown in marginal eco-regions, primarily as a subsistence crop to meet food needs. The three leaf rusts on maize are common rust, polysora rust, and tropical rust. 2.3.2 Removing redundancy and duplication. mays) known in many countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric time The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels.Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable or starch. Broadly, maize cultivation can be classified into two production environments: (1) traditional maize growing areas, including Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh (BIMARU), and (2) non-traditional maize areas, including Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh (KAP). Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. Diseases of Maize Downy mildew/Crazy top Sorghum downy mildew - Peronosclerospora sorghi Phlippine downy mildew - Peronosclerospora philippinensis Crazy top - Sclerophthora macrospora Symptoms The most characteristic symptom is the development of chlorotic streaks on the leaves. It is worldwide in distribution occurring in all the areas wherever crop is cultivated. Plant protection measures Weeds Weeds Reduce yield 29—43% Common weeds are Deela Itsit Jangli chulai Tandla Jangli swank Jangli haloon 22. Maize in India ranks fifth in total area and third in total production and productivity. It is estimated that by the year 2020, demand for maize in developing countries will surpass demand for both wheat and rice. Origin, evolution and cytogenetics of maize … Pustules of Polysora rust (left) and common rust (right) on maize - banding symptomatic of common rust (right) note the difference in colour and shape of pustule. Maize common rust has the weed Oxalis as a host. Maize 1. General resis- tance could be achieved by combining quantitative and race-speciWc resistances. 5. Learn about types of rust and control measures in this article. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Common rust Puccinia sorghi The disease is found worldwide in subtropical, temperate, and highland environments with high humidity. Among the rust diseases in maize Polysora rust or tropical rust or southern corn rust (Puccinia polysora Underw) is an important disease in tropical areas. The more prevalent form is that caused by the warmth-loving fungus, Puccinia polysora. Anilkumar, C. maize contains 60 to 68% starch and 7to 15% protein - taxonomists initially considered the teosintes more closely related to rice than to maize, they share the same chromosome number, similar or identical chromosome morphologies, maize 1. Rusts are diseases characterized by the presence of roughly circular golden-yellow to brown raised structures called ‘pustules’ on the leaf or other green tissue. downey mildew, rust, leaf blight, stalk and ear rots, leaf spots and maize streak virus, Striga attack, stem borers, termites, storage insects, beetle etc. There are different readily- Rust affects many economically important plant species and commonly reduces plant growth and productivity. and Puccinia polysora - maize and some grasses. Origin, evolution taxonomists initially considered the teosintes more closely related to rice than to maize, 1. Three sprayings of Dithance Z-78 @ 0.3% (3g/l) at weekly interval starting from knee high stage of the crop controls the leaf blight. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. If you have a proper land and good farm management then you can get the 2500 kg corn yield per hectare. It is estimated that by the year 2020, demand for maize in developing countries will surpass demand for both wheat and rice. Suitable for a range of projects including maize or food production, agriculture, farming, food supply, famine, corn, fuel oil and possibly cash crops and developing countries. Maize in India ranks fifth in total area and third in total production and productivity. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. P. maydis was also detected in the United States of America in 2015 and since then the pathogen has spread in the maize growing regions of the country. We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Partial resistance to P. sorghi is widely used in dent corn grown in the USA, and the level of economic loss due to this rust is generally low (Hooker, 1985; Melching, 1975). ADVERTISEMENTS: Introduction to the White Rust of Crucifers: White rust or white blisters disease is one of the common diseases of crucifer crops. 5. Symptom and Sign The young head, enclosed in the boot, is usually completely replaced by a large smut gall covered by a thick whitish membrane. Note, there is no alternate host for this rust and it lacks those stages that occur on Oxalis. This level of production has Field experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The rust usually appears late, after the appearance of the male flower or tassel. Maize (Zea mays L.) occupies an important place in world agriculture. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Fungicides are needed to provide control. Important disease, more severe on sweet corn. Note, there is no alternate host for this rust and it lacks those stages that occur on Oxalis. Ridges can be made at 60cm apart for maize planting. AbstractSouthern rust, caused by Puccinia polysora Underw, is a foliar disease that can severely reduce grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.). Both wild […] ADVERTISEMENTS: In this article we will discuss about the white rust of crucifers caused by fungi. At present, maize has several uses in Europe such as food, animal feed, bioenergy and industrial products. There are two kinds, both may occur on maize at the same time. Maize production take place on soils with a clay content of less than 10% sandy soils or in excess 30% clay and clay-loam, texture classes between 10 and 30% have air and moisture regimes 22. Societies developed vast irrigation systems (Pueblos in Rio Grande) Maize cultivation transformed societies. • Black or stem rust-Puccinia graminis f. ... maize. maize contains 60 to 68% starch and 7to 15% protein -. This rust has two unrelated hosts, and different spore-producing stages occur on each. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Fungicides are needed to provide control. Global maize flour market professional survey report 2017 - This Report provided by 24 Market Reports is about, Maize Flour in Global market, especially in North America, China, Europe, Southeast Asia, Japan and India, with production, revenue, consumption, import and export in these regions, from 2012 to 2016, and forecast to 2022. DISEASE INFORMATION Polysora rust is common in hot, humid regions where optimal temperatures of 24-28°C, which favour infection, prevail. Common rust is most conspicuous when plants … Winner of the Standing Ovation Award for “Best PowerPoint Templates” from Presentations Magazine. ), known in some English-speaking countries as corn, is a large grain plant domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. origin, evolution and cytology of maize crop. Results from a Burkard volumetric spore trap sited in the centre of the inoculated plot showed that the daily peak urediniospore concentration in the atmosphere occurred at about 1300 h. mays) known in many countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric time The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels.Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable or starch. However, infections and associated corn grain yield loss are usually very minimal. 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